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基于半监督对比学习的知识蒸馏方法

Semi-Supervised Contrastive Learning Based Knowledge Distillation

  • 摘要: 半监督知识蒸馏方法同时利用有标签样本和无标签样本进行蒸馏,能够有效地减少对标注数据的依赖,同时保证蒸馏性能。针对直接在半监督场景下进行知识蒸馏时,教师网络容易对无标签样本生成错误的知识,导致学生网络出现认知偏差问题,提出一种基于半监督对比学习的知识蒸馏(semi-supervised contrastive learning based knowledge distillation,SCLKD)方法,挖掘无标注数据的伪标签知识和类别对比知识优化学生网络。首先将教师网络对于无标签数据的预测进行阈值筛选,选出高置信度的预测作为伪标签,指导学生训练;然后根据教师模型给出伪标签和软预测,用多正例的软目标对比学习方法进一步减轻认知偏差问题。在CIFAR-100、STL-10和ImageNet数据集上的实验结果表明,SCLKD有最高6.97%的性能提升。此外,SCLKD仅使用20%训练集标签就超越了全监督训练的结果,证明其可以减少模型对标注数据的依赖,同时避免认知偏差带来的性能损失问题。

     

    Abstract: Semi-supervised knowledge distillation methods simultaneously distill labeled and unlabeled samples, effectively reducing reliance on labeled data while maintaining distillation performance. To address the problems where, in direct semi-supervised knowledge distillation, the teacher network is prone to generating erroneous knowledge for unlabeled samples, leading to cognitive bias in the student network, we propose Semi-supervised Contrastive Learning based Knowledge Distillation (SCLKD). This method exploits pseudo-label knowledge and class contrastive knowledge from unlabeled data. First, select high-confidence predictions as pseudo-labels from the teacher network for unlabeled data by threshold filtering, which are then used as real labels to guide the student training. Then, based on the pseudo-labels and soft predictions from the teacher model, we use contrastive learning methods with multi-positive samples and soft targets to further alleviate the confirmation bias. Experimental results on CIFAR-100, STL-10 and ImageNet datasets show that SCLKD has a performance improvement of up to 6.97%. In addition, SCLKD surpasses the results of full-supervised training methods using only 20% of the training labels, proving that it can reduce the model's dependence on labeled data while avoiding performance degradation caused by confirmation bias.

     

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